Journal: Journal of Nanobiotechnology

Article Title: Dual-functional nanovesicles simultaneously inhibit stromal fibrosis and angiogenesis to suppress cholangiocarcinoma progression

doi: 10.1186/s12951-025-03833-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic representation of the dual-targeting B7-33-SNPs biomimetic nanoplatform designed to synergistically inhibit CCA progression through simultaneous suppression of CAF activation and angiogenesis. B7-33-SNPs inherit endothelial cell membrane-derived receptors (e.g., VEGFR2, Tie2), which competitively sequester angiogenic ligands (VEGFA, ANG2), thereby inhibiting angiogenesis. Simultaneously, B7-33-SNPs interact with CAF-surface relaxin family peptide receptor 1(RXFP1), blocking TGF-β-induced SMAD2/3 phosphorylation and consequently preventing both CAF activation and ECM deposition. This combinatorial strategy offers a novel approach to overcoming resistance to antiangiogenic therapy in malignant CCA. Targeted inhibition of CAF activation could enhance the efficacy of antiangiogenic therapy and significantly suppress CCA growth

Article Snippet: Mouse RXFP1 antibody (Cat. #MAB8898; R&D Systems), CD31 mouse mAb (Cat. #3528; CST) and α-SMA (Cat. #ab5694; Abcam) were incubated overnight at 4 °C.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Membrane, Derivative Assay, Blocking Assay, Phospho-proteomics, Inhibition

Journal: Journal of Nanobiotechnology

Article Title: Dual-functional nanovesicles simultaneously inhibit stromal fibrosis and angiogenesis to suppress cholangiocarcinoma progression

doi: 10.1186/s12951-025-03833-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Biodistribution of B7-33-SNPs in a CCA model. ( A ) Expression and spatial distribution patterns of α-SMA, CD31, and RXFP1 in human CCA tissues and murine CCA cell-derived xenograft (CDX) Models. Representative dual immunofluorescence staining for CD31 (white), α-SMA (red), and RXFP1 (green) in human CCA tissues, adjacent paracancerous tissues, and HUCCT1 subcutaneous xenografts ( n = 6). Nuclei were visualized by DAPI counterstaining (blue). Scale bars: 100 μm. ( B ) Quantitative assessment of normalized protein expression levels for α-SMA, CD31, and RXFP1 in paracancerous tissues and tumor tissues ( n = 6) using ImageJ software. ( C ) Pearson correlation analysis of the Transcripts Per Million (TPM) of gene ACTA2 (α-SMA), gene PECAM1 (CD31), and gene RXFP1 (RXFP1) in human CCA tissues. Correlation coefficients and significance levels are reported. ( D ) Ex vivo Cy5.5-fluorescence images of tumor tissues 24 h post-injection with B7-33-SNPs, C7-33-SNPs, or SNPs. ( E ) Quantification of tumor fluorescence intensity. ( F ) Immunofluorescence localization (CD31 (white)/α-SMA (green)/DAPI (blue)) of Cy5.5-labeled SNPs in tumors (scale bar: 100 μm). Data are shown as mean ± SD ( n = 6); t-test indicated ‌** p < 0.01 and ***‌ p < 0.001

Article Snippet: Mouse RXFP1 antibody (Cat. #MAB8898; R&D Systems), CD31 mouse mAb (Cat. #3528; CST) and α-SMA (Cat. #ab5694; Abcam) were incubated overnight at 4 °C.

Techniques: Expressing, Derivative Assay, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Software, Ex Vivo, Fluorescence, Injection, Labeling